The Volkswagen Scirocco is a three-door, four-passenger (2 2) sport hatchback, front-engine, front wheel drive manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen in two generations from 1974-1992 and third generation from 2008-2017.
Scirocco takes its name from the Mediterranean wind.
Video Volkswagen Scirocco
Generasi pertama (1974-1981)
Volkswagen began working in cars in the early 1970s as a replacement for the old Karmann Ghia coupe, and set it as typyp 53 internally. Although the Golf platform (Rabbit) is used to support the new Scirocco, almost every part of the car is reengineered for new styling (written by Giorgetto Giugiaro) which is slimmer and sportier than Golf.
Launched six months before Golf, to resolve dental problems before high volume hatchback production began, Scirocco went on sale in Europe in 1974 and in North America in 1975. Model type 1 featured a variety of four-cylinder engines with displacements from 1.1 to 1, 6 liters, with 1.7 also offered in North America, all featuring one-overhead camshafts and two valves per cylinder.
The vehicle design combined with the US D.O.T. approved rectangular headlights, making it necessary to have four round headlamps, two for low beam use and two for high beam use for all cars imported into the US. However, the European "TS" version, which has a maximum strength of 85 PS, is easily distinguishable from the less powerful "L" and "S" (50 and 70 PS) versions that come with only two rectangular lights. Automatic transmission options were added in January 1975. Sciroccos equipped with automatic transmissions are generally scarce outside North America.
Scirocco is sold in Japan at Yanase dealers who specialize in North American and European vehicles with right hand drive starting in 1976, initially offering TS trim package with 1.4L engine and 4-speed manual transmission. In 1977, GTE and LS were offered with a 1.5L engine and fuel injection technology from Bosch. GTE is available with 4-speed manual transmission or 3-speed automatic, while LS offers automatic only. Scirocco sales continue for this entire generation to Japanese buyers, and that is in accordance with Japanese Government dimensions regulations that help sales. Machines offered to Japanese buyers are smaller displacement versions to reduce Japan's annual road tax liability.
The car changed slightly before being replaced by the second generation in March 1981 (Europe). However, air conditioning became available as an option in the domestic market in August 1975. The possibility for an installation retrofit, along with a larger battery, was offered to existing owners.
During the production of "Type 53", there are subtle changes to the body and trim. In a car manufactured after the summer holidays of August 1975 (for the 1976 model), two conventional eraser systems turned into a glass eraser parked on the windshield passenger side, while drivers also benefited from better and lighter steering links.. In August 1977 (for the 1978 model) the separate front side marker and the sein lamp, turned into a combination of orange lenses. At the same time, behind the door the B-pillar color changes from body color to black, which is thought to give the car a more pleasing profile. Other mid-life changes include a shift from chrome bumpers to rubber-covered ends to a plastic-coated one-piece wrap around the bumper. In 1979, one part of the "flag" style outside the mirror was diverted to a covered two-part mirror. There are also special variants throughout the production of Type 1. Most distinguished by paint and trim schemes, there is a special version called "Sidewinder", "Sidewinder II", "Champagne Edition", "Champagne Edition II" and "S". The Champagne II edition is only white with a black accent and a Zender spoiler. In the model NA version "S" 1980 only has three colors, Alpine White, Black and Mars Red with a unique color accents. The "S" model is different from the basic model by blackening the chrome trim, the addition of daylight to the exterior trim, the Recaro designed sports seat, the white letter tire, the sports strip, and the standard five-speed transmission. This was followed by the 1981 "S" version which only appeared in Cosmos Silver Metallic, Cirrus Gray Metallic and Mars Red without color accents. Steel sunroofs are an option available on "S" non- "S" vehicles. Unlike the sunroof in the second generation Sciroccos introduced in 1982, previous versions are only open. They do not slide back but can be moved and stored in a special fabric folder and placed in the hatch luggage. Not forgetting the addition of the "Storm" model, available in two colors by running 250 cars in each color.
North America
Model 1975-1978 US vehicles have four-speed manual transmission; for the 1979-1980 model year, the USA vehicle offered a five speed manual transmission as an option. In 1981 the speed of five became the standard. Machine options are mostly limited to one, though they often change over the years. The 1975 model was 1.5o, L (1471Ã, cc), followed by a larger 1.6 with 76Ã, hp (57 kW) in 1976 and 1977. For 1978 Volkswagen returned to 1.5 short strokes (now from 1457Ã, cc), stated that this made meeting the requirements of emissions easier. The power drops accordingly, up to 71 hp (53 kW) but with some fuel economy improvements. Buyers demanded the opposite and for 1979 1.6 (1588Ã, cc) has been restored, now with power up to 78Ã, hp (58 kW). The 1980 USA model is available with 1.8L Diesel, while in 1981 1.7 larger (1,715 cc) is an available option.
Maps Volkswagen Scirocco
Second Second generation (1981-1992)
A massively redesigned "Type 2" variant (internally set Typ 53B ) went on sale in 1981, albeit on platform A1. The second-generation Scirocco, still assembled on behalf of Volkswagen by Karmann from OsnabrÃÆ'¼ck (in the same factory as the first-generation Scirocco), was first shown at the 1981 Geneva Motor Show in March of that year. Designed by Volkswagen's own internal design team, the new car features increased front and rear headroom, increased luggage space and reduced drag coefficient. One of the unique features of Type 2 is the location of the rear spoiler in the middle of the glass on the back door. The mid-cycle update took place in 1984, which included minor changes to the 1982 model: the removal of the " SCIROCCO script outlined from the rear hatch (under spoiler), redesigned AC compressor, and brake master cylinder which is different from the in-line proportional valve and brake light switch mounted to the pedal instead of the master cylinder.
Halfway through the 1984 model, a new space saver wheel was added, providing space for larger fuel tanks (with a second "transfer" fuel pump). Leather interior, power windows and mirrors, air conditioning, and manual sunroof are the choices for all year. The 1984 model saw the return of two windshield wipers (vs. large single wipers), absent since the 1976 model. Eleven different machines were offered in Scirocco Type 2 during production, although not all machines were available in all markets. These engines include carburetor engines and fuel injectors. Initially all models have an eight valve engine. A 16-valve head was developed by the Oettinger tuner in 1981, with modifications adopted by Volkswagen when they showed the multi-valve Scirocco at the 1983 Frankfurt Motor Show. It went on sale in Germany and several other markets in July 1985, with the catalyst model arriving in 1986. The displacements range from 1.3 liters to 1.8 liters. Power ranges from 44 kW (60 PS) to 82 kW (112 PS) for 8 valve and 95 kW (129 PS) or 102 kW (139 PS) engines for 16 valve engines.
Many trim levels exist, depending on the year and market model, and include L, CL, GL, LS, GLS, GLI, GT, GTI, GTL, GTS, GTX, GT II, ​​Scala, GT 16V and GTX 16V. Special limited edition models include White Cat (Europe), Tropic (Europe), Storm (UK), Slegato (Canada), and Wolfsburg Edition (USA and Canada) are also produced. This particular model usually features unique interior/exterior color combinations, special wheels and has a combination of special options such as leather, multifunctional travel computers and/or power windows as standard.
Scirocco sales continued until 1992 in Germany, the UK, and several other European markets. Scirocco briefly joined but was effectively replaced by Corrado in the VW line-up, although this has been sold since 1988 and is aimed for the upper classes.
Scirocco continues to be offered to Japanese buyers, but only the GTi with a 1.8 L engine in either manual or automatic transmissions, but starting in 1986 only automatic transmissions are offered. It continues to comply with Japanese Government dimension regulations.
North America
Specifications in North America are somewhat different from cars sold worldwide, due to different safety and emissions regulations in place. In North America, 1982 and 1983 the model produced 74Ã, hp (55Ã, kW) and 90Ã, ft? Lbf (120Ã, N? M) torque. Machine code is EN. The 1984 model produces 90Ã, hp (67Ã, kW) and 100Ã, ft? Lbf (140Ã, N? M) torque, machine code is JH. In mid-1986, the 16-valve model was released in the United States and Canada, which included full-body skirts, larger rear spoiler, and tear-drop-shaped tire slots to distinguish them from the Type 2 8-valve model. Sales continued until 1988 in the United States, 1989 in Canada, effectively being replaced in these markets by the more expensive Corrado.
Third generation (2008-2017)
Volkswagen officially announced in June 2006 production of a new Scirocco model at the AutoEuropa assembly plant in Palmela, Portugal.
The new model, identified by the internal type number 137 or 1K8, is based on the PQ35 platform of Golf V and unveiled at the Geneva Motor Show 2008. It went on sale in summer 2008 in Europe, with sales in other countries starting early 2009. Type 3 Scirocco won "Car of the Year 2008" from Top Gear Magazine .
The 2008 Scirocco model received a five-star security rating from EuroNCAP even after the dummy head test driver hit the steering wheel when the airbag was lowered. The model tested was a three-door hatchback left and scored in four areas:
- Resident Adults 87%, 31 points.
- 73% inhabitants, 36 points.
- Pedestrian 53%, 19 points.
- 71% Security Assistance, 5 points.
Scirocco R (2009-2017)
Scirocco R is a production model based on GT24. Its 2.0-L FSI engine has 265 PS (195 kW; 261 hp) at 6,000 rpm and 350 N 'm (258 lb? Ft) at 2,500 rpm, a large air intake opening in the front bumper, integrated front spoiler, headlamp bi-xenon, larger roof rear spoiler, black diffuser, dual exhaust with chrome tailpipes, 18-inch Talladega wheels. In September 2014 the R model has a face lift on the styling of the car and an increase in power takes it to 276 hp.
The UK model went on sale in 2009.
Facelift
Six years after its launch in 2008, Volkswagen revealed the 2014 Scirocco face-lift at the Geneva Motor Show. The car accepted the changes to keep the model fresh for about three years. Beyond the change is not so obvious because Volkswagen just put a slightly re-profiled bumper, new bi-xenon headlights with LED daytime running lights and they also tweak the grille. At the back there is a taillight LED light fix, along with a reworked bumper and boot cover. This change is brought to range-topping Scirocco R as well.
Scirocco GTS (2015-2017)
Volkswagen is set to unveil the Scirocco GTS at the 2015 Shanghai Motor Show.
Machine
All models include a standard six-speed manual transmission. The optional 1.4 TSI (162 PS) can be equipped with a seven-speed DSG transmission, while 2.0 TSI 200, 2.0 TSI 210, R 2.0 TSI 265 and 2.0 TDI are available with a six-speed DSG transmission.
The EA888 2.0 TSI uses a water cooled IHI K03 turbocharger incorporated in an exhaust manifold, while the BorgWarner turbocharger is used in the EA113 2.0 TSI version.
The 140 TDP 2.0 TDI engine is also provided with the BlueMotion Technology package. The package features stop start technology and regenerative braking to reduce emissions to 118 μg/km CO 2 .
Motorports
In the 24 Hours NÃÆ'¼rburgring in May 2008, three new Volkswagen Scirocco successfully performed well in more than 200 fields, among them many high-powered cars, which completed 11 and 15, with veteran Hans Joachim Stuck driving both cars (and Carlos Sainz's slower ). Direct competitors, two Opel Astra H GTC driven by a driver selected from 18,000 candidates in a year of closed TV process, were convincingly beaten. In the 2012 edition of the Scandinavian Touring Car Championship Johan Kristoffersson won the championship for the Volkswagen Biogas Team at Scirocco.
Absence of North American version
In April 2007, Volkswagen's vice president of America Adrian Hallmark claimed that Volkswagen would rather not bring Scirocco to North America because it could have a negative impact on Golf GTI sales. He later stated that the final decision would be made in 2008 by Martin Winterkorn (CEO of Volkswagen), not Volkswagen of America.
In early March 2008, MotorAuthority reported that, due to the increasing gap between the US dollar and the Euro, Scirocco would not be available to American consumers. "This car will fit the US market but at the current exchange rate we will not make any money," Volkswagen's chief sales and marketing Detlef Wittig told reporters Bloomberg.
Drafts
the concept of IROC (2006)
An upcoming Scirocco III preview concept car has been unveiled at the 2006 Paris Motor Show. Named IROC , from the four middle letters "Scirocco", using the 200si TSI engine, hp (150Ã,kW).
Scirocco Studie R (2008)
The Studie R is a concept car based on Scirocco GT24, after Volkswagen has canceled the Scirocco R32 production. It has a 2.0 T L TSI rated engine at 270 PS (199 kW; 266 hp), dual clutch six speed transmission, four piston brake calipers and a sound-optimized exhaust system with oval, polished tailpipes.
The Studie R was unveiled at the Bologna Motor Show.
References
- Oswald, Werner (2003). Deutsche Autos 1945-1990, Band (volume) 3 (in German). Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-613-02116-1.
External links
- New Scirocco - the official Volkswagen international portal
- Scirocco Forum List
- Scirocco on Curlie (based on DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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