Safety glass is a glass with additional security features that make it less damaged, or less likely to pose a threat when damaged. Common designs include hardened glass (also known as tempered glass), laminated glass, wire mesh glass (also known as glass cables) and engraved glass. Glass wire mesh was created by Frank Shuman. Glass laminate was invented in 1903 by the French chemist ÃÆ' â € ° douard BÃÆ'Ã… © nÃÆ'Â © dictus (1878-1930).
These four approaches can be easily combined, allowing the creation of glass that is at the same time hardened, laminated, and containing wires. However, the combination of wire with other techniques is unusual, as it usually betrays the quality of each.
Video Safety glass
Hardened Glass
Hardened glass is processed with thermal or chemical controlled treatment to increase its strength compared to ordinary glass. Tempering, by design, creates a balanced internal pressure that causes glass sheets, when broken, crushed into small pieces of granular with the same size and shape, rather than breaking into random and jagged fragments. The granular pieces are less likely to cause injury.
As a result of its safety and strength, tempered glass is used in a variety of demanding applications, including passenger vehicle windows, shower doors, architectural glass doors and tables, refrigerator trays, as bulletproof glass components, for dive masks, and various types of dishes and cookware. In the United States, since 1977 the Federal Law has mandated safety glass located inside doors and bathtubs and bathroom covers.
Maps Safety glass
Laminated glass
The laminated glass is composed of layers of glass and plastic united by an interlayer. When laminated glass is damaged, it is held in place by an interlayer, usually of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), between two or more layers of glass, which crumble into small pieces. The interlayer keeps the glass layer fixed even when it is broken, and its toughness prevents the glass from breaking into large, sharp pieces. This produces a distinctive "spider web" crack pattern (radial and concentric slit) when the impact is insufficient to penetrate the glass completely.
Laminated glass is usually used when there is a possibility of human impact or where glass can fall if destroyed. Glass skylights and windshields usually use laminated glass. In geographical areas that require storm-resistant construction, laminated glass is often used in exterior windows, curtain walls and windows. The PVB interlayer also provides a much higher sound isolation glass rating, due to the damping effect, and also blocks most of the incoming UV radiation (88% on window glass and 97.4% within the windshield).
Wire mesh glass
Glass wire mesh (also known as Georgian Wired Glass) has a grille or mesh of thin metal wire embedded in the glass. The wired glass, as it is usually described, does not perform the functions associated with most individuals. The presence of wire mesh seems to be a reinforcing component, because it is metallic, and raises the idea of ​​rebar in reinforced concrete or other such examples. Despite this belief, the glass cable is actually weaker than unwanted glass because of wire attack into the glass structure. Wired glass can often lead to higher injuries than unsafe glass, as the wire reinforces any irregular fracture. This has led to a decline in institutional use, especially in schools.
In recent years, new materials have become available that offer fire ratings and safety ratings so that the ongoing use of glass cables is being debated around the world. The US International Building Code effectively banned glass in 2006.
Canadian building rules still allow the use of glass wires but the codes are being reviewed and traditional glass cables are expected to be very limited in their use. Australia does not have a similar review going on.
Wired glass is still used in the US because of its fireproof capabilities, and is particularly suited to withstand heat flow and hoses. This is why cable glass is exclusively used in service elevators to prevent fire from entering the shaft, and also why these cables are often found in well-protected institutional settings and partitioned against fire. The wire prevents glass from falling out of the frame even if it cracks under thermal stress, and is much more heat resistant than laminate material.
Glass etched
In 2014, researchers used lasers to create nacre analogs by engraving networks of 3D "micro cracks" in glass slide microscopes. When the slide is impacted, the micro crack absorbs and dissociates energy, keeping the glass from breaking. Overall, treated glasses are reported 200 times harder than untreated glass.
See also
- Architectural glass
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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