Hilton Head Island , sometimes referred to simply as Hilton Head, is a lowcountry resort town and barrier island in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States. It is 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Savannah, Georgia, and 95 miles (153 km) southwest of Charleston. The island is named after Captain William Hilton, who in 1663 identified a cape near the entrance to Port Royal Sound, which he named "Hilton's Head" after him. The island has a 12-mile (19 km) beach in the Atlantic Ocean and is a popular holiday destination. In 2004, an estimated 2.25 million visitors pumped more than $ 1.5 billion into the local economy. The year-round population was 37,099 at the 2010 census, although during the peak summer holiday season the population could swell to 150,000. Over the past decade, the island's population growth rate was 32%. Hilton Head Island is the main city in the Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort metropolitan area, which has an estimated population of 207,413 by 2015.
The island has a rich history that began with a seasonal occupation by Native Americans thousands of years ago, and continued with European exploration and trading the Sea of ​​Cotton Island. It became an important operating base for Union's blockade at the South port during the Civil War. After the island fell into Union troops, hundreds of former slaves flocked to Hilton Head, which is still home to many of them are descended slave descendants known as Gullah (or Geechee) who have successfully defended many of their ethnic and cultural identity.
The Town of Hilton Head Island was established as a municipality in 1983 and is renowned for its environmentally friendly development. The city's Natural Resources Division enacts a Land Management Act that minimizes the impact of development and regulates the style of the building and how they are among the trees. As a result, Hilton Head Island enjoys an unusual amount of tree cover relative to the amount of development. About 70% of the island, including most tourist areas, lies within a gated community. However, the city maintains several public beach access points, including one for the exclusive use of the townspeople, who have approved several million-dollar land purchase referendums to control commercial growth.
Hilton Head Island offers a number of unusual cultural opportunities for communities of its size, including performances at the Coastal Carolina Arts Center, 120 full members of Hilton Head Choral Society choir, Hilton Head Symphony Orchestra, outdoor yearly, wine tasting tent on the east coast, other annual community festivals. It also hosts the Heritage Golf Classic, the PGA Tour tournament being played at Harbor Town Golf Links at Sea Pines Resort.
Video Hilton Head Island, South Carolina
History
New World Discovery
Sea Pines shell rings can be seen near the east entrance to the Sea Pines Forest Preserve. The ring, one of only 20, is 150 feet (46 m) in diameter and is believed to be more than 4,000 years old. Archaeologists believe that the ring is a pile of garbage, made by Indians living inside the ring, which remains clear and used as a common area. Two other shell rings on Hilton Head were destroyed when their shells were released and used to make cats for roads and buildings. Green's Shell Enclosure, Sea Pines, and Skull Creek shell rings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places and are protected by law.
Since the beginning of recorded history in the New World, the waters around Hilton Head Island have been known, occupied, and contested by Britain, Spain, France and Scotland.
The Spanish expedition led by Francisco Cordillo explored the area in 1521, initiating European contacts with local tribes. In 1663, Captain William Hilton sailed in Barbados's adventure to explore the land given by King Charles II of England to the eight Lords Proprietor. On his way, he identifies a cape near the entrance to Port Royal Sound. He named it "Hilton's Head" after himself. He stayed for several days, taking notes on trees, plants, "sweet water", and "clear sweet air".
17th to 19th centuries
In 1698, Hilton Head Island was awarded as part of a baron to John Bayley of Ballingclough, County of Tipperary, Kingdom of Ireland. Another John Bayley, the first son, appointed Alexander Trench as the first retail agent on the island. For the time being, Hilton Head is known as Trench Island. In 1729, Trench sold some land to John Gascoine's Gascoine named "John Island" after him. The land was then known as Jenkin Island after the other owners.
In the mid-1740s, half of the province of South Carolina Beaufort was placed in a bay on the southern tip of Hilton Head to protect itself from disturbance by the Spanish of St. Augustine. The dot and bay are named after Captain David Cutler Braddock, commander of Beaufort . Captain Braddock was a mariner and privateer of note in Colonial times. Previously, he had been placed under the command of Georgian ships of Georgia by James Oglethorpe, founder of Georgia, and helped chase back Spain to St Augustine after their failed invasion of 1742 at St Simons Island. After moving to Savannah in 1746, he served two terms in the Georgia Commons Representative Council while earning a living as a very active privateer. He drew the famous graph of the Florida Keys when doing private business in 1756. This graph is in the Library of Congress.
In 1788, a small Episcopal church called Zion Chapel of Ease was built for plantation owners. The old cemetery of the chapel, located near the corner of William Hilton Parkway and Mathews Drive (Folly Field), is all that remains. Charles Davant, a prominent island grower during the Revolutionary War, is buried there. Davant was shot by Captain Martinangel of Daufuskie Island in 1781. It is also home to the oldest structure in Hilton Head Island, Baynard Mausoleum, built in 1846.
William Elliott II of Myrtle Bank Plantation grew the first crop in Sea Island Cotton in South Carolina on Hilton Head Island in 1790.
During the Civil War, Fort Walker was a Confederate stronghold in what is now Port Royal Plantation. The fortress is a station for Confederate troops, and its weapons help protect the 2-mile (3 km) entrance to Port Royal Sound, which is run by two slow-moving, navigable rivers, the River Luas and the Beaufort River. It is very important for the trading of Cotton Island and the southern economy. On October 29, 1861, the largest fleet ever assembled in North America moved south to seize it. In the Battle of Port Royal, the fort was attacked by the US Navy, and on 7 November 1861, fell to over 12,000 Union troops. The fort was renamed the Fort Welles, in honor of Gideon Welles, the Secretary of the Navy.
Hilton Head Island has tremendous significance in the Civil War and becomes an important operating base for Union blockades in the South port, notably Savannah and Charleston. The Union also built a military hospital on Hilton Head Island with a 1,200ft (370m) front and a floor area of ​​60,000 square feet (6,000m 2 ).
Hundreds of former slaves flocked to Hilton Head Island, where they could buy land, go to school, live in government housing, and serve in what is called the First Regiment of South Carolina Volunteers (although initially, many were "recruited" at the point bayonet). A community called Mitchelville (in honor of General Ormsby M. Mitchel) was built on the northern tip of the island to accommodate them.
Leamington Lighthouse was built in the 1870s at the southern end of what is now Palmetto Dunes.
On August 27, 1893, the Sea Island Storm made landfall near Savannah, with a storm surge of 16 feet (5 m), and swept north across South Carolina, killing more than a thousand and leaving behind tens of thousands of homeless.
the 20th and 21st centuries
An experimental steam cannon fitted with Port Royal Sound was built around 1900, in what is now Port Royal Plantation. The cannon was repaired but the propulsion system allowed for long-range shots for the time being.
In 1931, Wallace's tycoon, physicist and protector of scientific research Alfred Lee Loomis, along with his brother-in-law and partner Landon K. Thorne, purchased 17,000 acres (69 km 2 ) on the island (over 63% of total land) for about $ 120,000 to be used as a private game reserve. On the Atlantic coast of the island, a large concrete weapon platform was built to defend itself from possible invasion by the powers of World War II shafts. Such platforms can be found along the East Coast. The Mounted Beach Patrol and Dog Training Center on Hilton Head Island train US Coast Guard Coast Guard personnel to use horses and dogs to protect the US southeast coastline.
In the early 1950s, three timber mills contributed to the logging of 19,000 hectares (77a, km 2 ) of the island. The population of the island is only 300 inhabitants. Prior to 1956, access to Hilton Head was limited to private boats and ferries operated by the state. The island's economy is centered on shipbuilding, cotton, sluggish, and fishing.
The James F. Byrnes Bridge was built in 1956. It is a two-lane swing bridge built at a cost of $ 1.5 million that opens the island for car traffic from the mainland. The swing bridge was hit by a barge in 1974, closing all vehicular traffic to the island until the Army Corps of Engineers built and manned the bridge of the pontoon while the bridge was being repaired. The swing bridge was replaced by a four-lane bridge at this time in 1982.
The start of Hilton Head as a resort began in 1956 with Charles E. Fraser developing Sea Pines Resort. Soon, other developments followed, such as Hilton Head Plantation, Palmetto Dunes Plantation, Galangan Plantation, and Port Royal Plantation, mimicking the architecture and landscape of the Sea Pines. Sea Pines, however, continue to stand out by creating a unique territory inside the plantation, called Harbor Town, which is anchored by a known lighthouse. Fraser is a committed environmental activist who changed the entire marina configuration in Harbor Town to save the ancient living oak trees. It came to be known as Oak Liberty, known for the generation of children who watched singer and songwriter Gregg Russell perform under a tree for over 25 years. Fraser was buried beside the tree when he died in 2002.
The Heritage Golf Classic was first played at Sea Pines Resort in 1969 and has been a regular stop on the PGA Tour ever since. Also in 1969, the Hilton Head Island Community Association successfully fought off the development of the BASF chemical complex on the edge of Victoria Bluff (now the Colleton River Plantation). Soon after, associates and other concerned citizens "south of Broad" are struggling to develop offshore oil platform by Brown & amp; Root (a division of Halliburton) and a 10-degree liquid air ball melted by the Chicago Bridge & amp; Iron. These events helped polarize the community, and the Chamber of Commerce began to garner support for the city to be included as a municipality. After Four Seasons Resort (now Hilton Head Resort) built along William Hilton Parkway, a referendum of incorporation was adopted in May 1983. Hilton Head Island has become a city.
The Land Management Law was passed by the City Council in 1987. The Hilton Head Island Resort in Disney opened in 1996, and Cross Island Parkway opened in January 1997. Indoor smoking in bars, restaurants and public places started on the 1st May, 2007. Shelter Cove Towne Center opened in 2014.
Fort Howell, Cherry Hill School, Daufuskie Island Historic District, Fish Haul Archaeological Site (38BU805), Green's Shell Enclosure, Hilton Head Range Rear Lights, Sea Pines, Skull Creek, Shipwreck William William SS Site, and Stoney-Baynard Plantation are listed in the list National Historic Site.
Maps Hilton Head Island, South Carolina
Geography
Topography
Hilton Head Island is a shoe-shaped island located 20 miles (32 km) with the northeastern air of Savannah, Georgia, and 90 miles (140 km) south of Charleston.
According to the US Census Bureau, the city has a total area of ​​69.2 square miles (179.1 km 2 ), where 41.4 square miles (107.1 km 2 ) is ground, and 27.8 square miles (71.9 km 2 ), or 40.17%, is water.
Barrier Island
Hilton Head Island is sometimes referred to as the second largest barrier island in the East Coast after Long Island (which is actually not an obstacle island but two glacial moraines). Technically, however, Hilton Head Island is only half the island's barrier. The northern tip of the island is a sea island dating from the Pleistocene period, and the southern end is a barrier island that emerged recently as the Holocene epoch. Broad Creek, which is actually a tidal swamp that is locked on land, separates the two parts of the island.
The island of barrier is determined by a dynamic coastal system with offshore bars, waves, and shifting beaches; as well as grassy hills behind the beach, maritime forests with wetlands on the inside, and salt or tidal swamps on the left side, facing the mainland. A typical barrier island has a headland, beach and surf zone, and sand spit.
Locked communities
Wildlife
The Hilton Head Island area is home to a large number of wildlife, including crocodiles, deer, loggerhead turtles, manatees, hundreds of species of birds, and dolphins.
The Coastal Discovery Museum, along with the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, patrols the coast from May to October as part of the Sea Turtle Protection Project. The purpose of this project is to inventory and monitor the spawning location, and if necessary, move to a more suitable location. During the summer, the museum sponsored Turtle Talk & amp; Walk, which is a special tour designed to educate the public about this endangered species. To protect the loggerhead turtle, the city regulations stipulate that artificial lighting should be protected so that it can not be seen from the shore, or must be shut down before 10:00. From 1 May to 31 October each year. The waters around Hilton Head Island are one of the few places on Earth where dolphins routinely use a technique called "strand feeding", where fish schools are herded into mud banks, and dolphins lie on their sides as they eat before sliding back down into the water.
Especially prominent in the ocean waters surrounding Hilton Head Island, the stingray serves as a natural encounter that is dazzling and painful for many beachgoers. Small stingrays inhabit a quieter shallow area at the bottom of the ocean just outside the wave break, usually buried beneath a thin layer of sand. Stingrays are a type of demersal fish, common cartilaginous fish on the coast of South Carolina as well as other areas on the Atlantic coastline. Usually, stingrays avoid contact with humans unless they are accidentally trampled, a situation that often ends with a stingray injury, in which stingrays stab men with their poisoned spines. While these injuries are very painful, they are usually not life-threatening as long as they are handled properly by a medical professional. One of the complaints that many Hilton Head Island tourists have is that the lifeguards maintain a poor warning system to inform swimmers when many stingrays are seen on a certain stretch of beach. Lack of notice on days when some reported sightings can sometimes end up in a large number of stingray injuries that may have been avoided; In 2009, 121 people were treated for stingrays.
The saltwater of Hilton Head Island is a place to eat, breeding grounds, and nurseries for many species of saltwater from game fish, sports fish, and marine mammals. The dense population of plankton gives the turbid beach its turbid brown color.
Plankton supports marine life including oysters, shrimp and other invertebrates, and fish species including menhaden and mullet, which in turn supports larger species of fish and mammals that feed local waterways. Popular sports fish in the Hilton Head Island area include red drums (or tail bass spots), leopard sea trout, sheepshead, cobia, tarpon, and various species of sharks.
Climate
Hilton Head Island has a humid subtropical climate.
Demographics
At the 2010 census, there were 37,099 people, 16,535 households, and 10,700 families living in the city, occupying 42.06 square miles (109Ã, km 2 ). Population density was 882.0 people per square mile (340.4/km ²). There are 33,602 units of homes with an average density of 798.9 per square mile (308.3/km²).
Although the city occupies most of the island's mainland area, it is not bordering on it; there is a small section near the main access road from the mainland, William Hilton Parkway, which is not incorporated into the city. Hilton Head (the island) therefore has a slightly higher population (48,407 in the 2000 Census, defined as Hilton Head Island Urban Cluster) and larger land area (42.65 sq.a, 110.5 km 2 ) from the city. Hilton Head Island-Bluffton The Beaufort Metropolitan Statistical Area, which covers the Beaufort and Jasper region, has a population estimate throughout 2012 of 193,882.
City's racial makeup is 82.9% White, 7.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Island, 7.3% of other races, and 1.2 % of two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of each race is 15.8% of the population.
There were 16,535 households where 18.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.7% were married couples living together, 6.8% had female households without husband's presence, and 35.3% were not family. 28.3% of all households are made up of individuals and 14.0% have someone living alone 65 or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.66.
In the city, the population spread by 18% under the age of 20, 4.4% from 20 to 24, 20.4% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 28.8% more. The median age was 50.9 years. For every 100 females, there are 103.8 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 105.5 men.
According to the 2014 forecast, the average income for households in the city is $ 68,437, and the average income for families is $ 85,296. Men have an average income of $ 51,463 versus $ 36,743 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 45,116. About 5.4% of families and 9.3% of the population are below the poverty line, including 16.9% of those under the age of 18 and 3.9% of those aged 65 and older.
Economy
The Town of Hilton Head Island was founded as a municipality in 1983 and has jurisdiction over the entire island except Mariner's Cove, Blue Heron Point, and Windmill Harbor. The Town of Hilton Head Island has a Board-Manager form of government. The City Manager is the chief executive and head of the administrative branch and is accountable to the municipal council for the proper administration of all municipal affairs. The City Council exercises all powers not specifically delegated to the City Manager. The mayor has the same power, duties, and responsibilities as a member of the City Council. In addition, the Mayor sets the agenda for City Council meetings, special meeting calls, executes contracts, deeds, resolutions, and proclamations not addressed to City Managers, and represents the city on ceremonial functions.
Department of the city including Building & amp; Fire Codes, Business Licenses, Code Enforcement, Finance, Fire & amp; Rescue, Human Resources, Law, City Court, Planning, and Public Project & amp; Amenities.
The city has a budget of $ 74,753,260 for fiscal year 2006/2007. It consists of three separate fiscal accounting funds: the General Fund, the Capital Project Fund, and the Debt Service Fund. The General Fund is an operating fund for the city and contributes all city financial resources except the Capital Project Fund and the Debt Service Fund. The Capital Project Fund is used to acquire land and facilities, and improve public facilities, including roads, bicycle lanes, fire stations, vehicle replacement, drainage improvements, and park construction. The Debt Service Fund is responsible for the accumulation of resources and debt repayment.
On June 5, 2007, the City Council approved a budget of $ 93,154,110 for the fiscal year 2007/2008 on the first reading with a 6-0 vote. The latest budget, for fiscal year 2010/2011 is $ 74,299,720
Holder of office as of December 2014:
Education
School
Public schools
- The Hilton Head Children's Center of Life (Pre KÃ, - K)
- Hilton Head Island School for Creative Arts (Class 1-5)
- Marriott Head International Baccalaureate School (Class 1-5)
- Hilton Head Island Secondary School
- Hilton Head Island High School
Private school
- Hilton Head Preparation School
- Hilton Head Christian Academy
- St. Francis Catholic School
- Academy of Inheritance
- Sea Pines Montessori Academy
- The Island Academy of Hilton Head
Infrastructure
Emergency services
Hilton Head Island Fire & amp; The rescue began operations July 1, 1993, as a consolidation of the former Fire Pines Forest Fire Department, Hilton Head Island Fire District, and Hilton Head Rescue Team. There are seven fire stations on Hilton Head Island.
Police services are contracted through the Beaufort County Sheriff's Office. The island is equipped with an improved 9-1-1 system.
Famous people
In popular culture
Mentioned on pages 123,130,131, and 224 of the late 1972 novel by Pat Conroy The Water Is Wide . The novel is set in Daufuskie Island, a fiction like Yamacraw Island. Mentioned at the museum up the stairs from Harbor Town Lighthouse.
In the popular television series A Different World, parents of Whitley Gilbert have a summer home there.
In "Big Trouble in Little Langley", the 2007 episode of American Dad! , Francine-born parents, Nick and Cassandra Dawson live there.
In the book By President Order , by W. E. B. Griffin, President of the United States maintains a house on Hilton Head Island. This is where Charlie Castillo meets the President for the first time.
In the 2012 movie Parental Guidance (starring Billy Crystal, Bette Midler, and Marisa Tomei), parents visit Hilton Head Island for a conference. The aerial pan of Harbor Town is displayed.
In the science fiction franchise BattleTech , the headquarters of the intercontinental telecommunications organization "ComStar" is located on Hilton Head Island.
From the end of 2008 to the end of 2009, Hilton Head has a Shoreline Ballroom (near the heel of the island where HHI Beach & Tennis Resort) held in '08: Air Supply Australia and Sister Hazel from Gainesville. In 2009, this host was: The Wailers Band, BB King (d.2015), Hank Williams III, Georgia's Corey Smith, Snoop Dogg, Insane Clown Posse from Detroit, Reggae Baby Rasta y Gringo from Puerto Rico, Columbia's The Movement reggae band) with G. Love, Jacksonville's Shinedown with Halestorm, Kentucky's Cage the Elephant with LA's Silversun Pickups, Australian Sick Puppies, Chevelle with 10 Years, Ft. Lauderdale's Nonpoint with Mudvayne, Beaufort's Souls Harbor, and reggae singers at Hilton Head itself, Trevor Hall.
Source: https://www.charlestoncitypaper.com/charleston/LocationEvents?oid=1173105&type=past Tina Turner 1993 What's Love? The tour included a stop at Shelter Cove Community Park.
See also
- South Carolina Portal
References
External links
- City website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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