Various methods of transporting children have been used in various cultures and times. This method includes baby strollers (baby strollers in English English), baby car seats, portable bassinet (carrycots), strollers (strollers), sling, backpacks, baskets, and bike carriers.
Large large trains (short for prams), which had become popular during the Victorian era, were replaced by lighter designs during the second half of the 1900s.
Video Baby transport
Basket, sling and backpack
Baby carriers may appear early in human evolution as the appearance of bipedalism will require some way of bringing babies who can no longer attach to their mothers and/or just sit on their mothers' backs. On-the-body carriers are designed in various forms such as baby carriages, carrier backpacks, and gentle front or hull carriers, with a variety of materials and levels of child rigidity, decoration, support and confinement. Sling, soft front carrier, and "baby carriage" are usually used for babies who do not have the ability to sit or to lift their heads. The carrier backpack frame (modified from the backpack frame), hip operators, slings, mei tai and various other soft carriers are used for older children.
Pictures of children brought in cloth can be seen in Egyptian artwork dating from the Pharaonic era, and have been used in many indigenous cultures. One of Europe's earliest works of art that featured baby clothes was Giotto's frescoes around 1306 AD, which depicts Mary carrying Jesus in a sling. Infant wear in European sashes was famous in medieval times, but was primarily seen as the practice of marginalized groups such as beggars and gypsies. Cradleboard is a native American baby carrier used to keep babies safe and comfortable and at the same time allows mothers the freedom to work and travel. The cradleboards are attached to the mother's back straps from the shoulders or head. For trips, cradleboards can be hung above the saddle or travois. The ethnographic tradition shows that it is a common practice to hold newborn children until they can walk, although many mothers continue to wet their children well past their first birthday. Tied and wrapped with a cradleboard, a baby can feel safe and secure. Soft materials such as moss, moss and shredded bark are used for bearings and diapers. The cradleboard is cut from flat or woven pieces of wood from a lit twig like willows and hazel, and wrapped with a soft absorbent material. The design of most cradleboards is a flat surface with a child wrapped tightly to it. Usually can only move his head.
Baby baby carriers that became known in western countries in the 1960s, with the advent of soft packs structured in the mid-1960s. Around the same time, backpacks quickly became a popular way to bring older babies and toddlers. In the early 1970s, the packs were reintroduced in Germany. Both sling rings were invented by Rayner and Fonda Garner in 1981 and popularized by Dr. William Sears starting in about 1985. In the early 1990s, modern pocket bearers were created in Hawaii. While Chinese may have existed in one form or another for centuries, it did not become popular in the west until it was modernized with padding and other adjustments. It first became popular and famous in mid 2003.
Portable cradles, including cradleboards, baskets, and bassinets, have been used by many cultures to carry young babies.
Maps Baby transport
Modern transport methods
The wheel device is generally divided into baby strollers, used for newborns where babies usually lie facing the nippers, and baby strollers, which are used for small children up to about three years in a sitting position facing forward.
History
William Kent developed an early stroller in 1733. In 1733, the Duke of Devonshire asked Kent to build a means of transportation that would take his children. Kent is obliged to build a shell-shaped basket on wheels so the children can sit down. It is luxuriously decorated and is meant to be drawn by a goat or small pony. Benjamin Potter Crandall sold strollers in the US in the 1830s that have been described as "the first baby carriages produced in the US" However, it has been argued that F.A. Whitney Carriage Company is the first. His son Jesse Armor Crandall issued a number of patents for repairs and additions to the standard model. This includes adding brakes to the carriages, folded models, umbrella designs and umbrella hanger. In 1840, baby strollers became very popular. Queen Victoria buys three carriages from the Hitchings Baby Store.
The carriages of the days were made of wood or webbing and held together by expensive brass connections. It is sometimes a highly decorated piece of art. The model is also named after the nobility, Princess and Duchess became a popular name, as well as Balmoral and Windsor.
In June 1889, William H. Richardson patented his idea of ​​the first reversible stroller. The crib is designed to be able to face outward or toward the parents. He also made structural changes to the wagon. Until then, the axis does not allow each wheel to move separately, Richardson's design allows this, which improves the capability of carriage maneuvers. When the 1920s began, baby strollers were now available to all families and became safer, with larger wheels, brakes, deeper strollers, and a lower and stronger frame.
In 1965 Owen Maclaren, an aeronautical engineer, worked for a complaint his daughter made about traveling from England to America with her heavy stroller. Using his knowledge of the aircraft, Maclaren designed the stroller with aluminum frame and created the first true umbrella stroller. He then went on to find Maclaren, who produced and sold his new design. The design takes off and soon the "train" is easier to transport and use everywhere.
However, in the 1970s, the trend was more directed toward more basic, not fully emerging versions, and with a removable body known as "carrycot". Now, baby strollers are very rarely used, are big and expensive compared to "buggies" (see below). One of the longer and better known brands in the UK is the Silver Cross, which was first produced in Hunslet, Leeds, in 1877, and then Guiseley from 1936 to 2002 when the plant closed. Silver Cross was later purchased by toy company David Halsall and Sons who moved headquarters to Skipton and expanded into new and modern baby products including pushchairs and "travel systems". They continue to sell the traditional Silver Cross coach train originally produced at a factory in Bingley in Yorkshire.
Since the 1980s, the stroller industry has evolved with new features, safer construction, and more accessories.
Baby Carrier
Larger and heavier strollers, or perambulators have been used since they were introduced in the Victorian era; Strollers are also used for babies, often sitting. The term carrycot became more common in the UK after the introduction of a lighter unit with a removable baby carrier in the 1970s.
As they develop suspensions for years added, it makes travel more smoothly for the baby and the person who drives it.
Strollers
'Strollers' or 'push chairs/buggies' (English English), is used for small children up to about three years in a forward sitting position.
"The Push Seat" is a popular term used in the UK between its discovery and the early 1980s, when a more compact design known as "buggy" became a trend, popularized by the easily folded aluminum framed Maclaren buggy designed and patented by the British aeronautical designer Owen Maclaren in 1965. The "Push Seat" was the usual term in England, but was increasingly superseded by trains; in American English, the buggy is identical to the stroller. Newer versions can be configured to bring the baby to lie like a low stroller and then be configured to bring the child into a forward-facing position.
Various twin thrust chairs are produced, some designed for babies of the same age (such as twins) and some for those with small age differences. Triple pushchairs are a fairly new addition, as the number of twin births is on the rise. Safety guidelines for standard thrusters apply. Most triple trains have a weight limit of 50 kg and are recommended for use in children up to 4 years of age.
The travel system is usually a set consisting of a chassis with a removable baby seat and/or carrycot. Thus, the travel system can be transferred between the pushchair and the baby stroller. Another benefit of the travel system is the detached chassis (generally chassis umbrella closure) when folded usually will be smaller than the other type, to transport it in the boot of the car or boot. In addition, the baby seat will enter the base that is meant to stay in the car, into a car seat. This allows uninterrupted movement of the baby into or out of the car and reduces the opportunity to wake a sleeping baby.
Other modern designs feature a stroller that includes the possibility for the lower body to elongate, thus turning the stroller into a kick scooter. The steering occurs by leaning to one side. Depending on the model, it can be equipped with a foot brake and/or handbrake. Speed ​​up to 10 mph can be achieved. The first train of this type was the so-called "Roller Buggy", developed by industrial designer Valentin Vodev in 2005. In 2012, the Quinny factory became interested in the concept and worked with a Belgian studio to design another model.
Modern baby car seats are relative latecomer. This is used to carry a child in the car. Such car seats are required by law in many countries to transport children safely.
More
Bicycles can be equipped with bike trailers or children's bike chairs to carry small children. Older children can ride a one-wheeled trailer bike with integrated seats and a bar handle.
"Sistem perjalanan" mencakup landasan kursi mobil, kursi mobil bayi, dan kereta bayi. Basis kursi mobil dipasang di mobil. Kursi mobil bayi masuk ke dasar kursi mobil saat bepergian dengan bayi. Dari mobil, kursi mobil bayi dapat digendong dan diikat ke kereta dorong.
Galeri
Lihat juga
Catatan
Referensi
Bibliografi
- van Hout, I.C. (1993). Beban Terkasih. Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen.
- Fontanel, Beatrice (1 Oktober 1998). Bayi Dirayakan . Harry N Abrams. ISBNÂ 0-8109-4012-4.
Tautan eksternal
- kereta dorong pejalan kaki Bush (1930-an) di National Museum of Australia.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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